Classification of Diseases: According to Etiologic.

Hereditary

Due to defect in the genes of one or other parent which is transmitted to the offspring (EX: diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc.).

Congenital

Due to a defect in the development, hereditary factors, or prenatal infection; present at birth (EX: cleft lip, cleft palate).

Metabolic

Due to disturbances or abnormality in the intricate processes of metabolism (EX: diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism).

Deficiency

Results from inadequate intake or absorption of essential dietary factors (EX: osteomalacia, which is Vitamin D deficiency in adults; rickets, which is Vitamin D deficiency in children).

Traumatic

Due to injury (EX: fractures).

Allergic

Due to abnormal response of the body to chemical or protein substances or to physical stimuli (EX: asthma, skin allergy).

Neoplastic

Due to abnormal or uncontrolled growth of cells. (EX: cancer) (Neo= new; Plasm= cancer).

Idiopathic

Cause is unknown; Self-originated; of spontaneous origin (EX: cancer).

Degenerative

Results from the degenerative changes that occur in tissue and organs (EX: osteoporosis, osteoarthritis).

Iatrogenic

Results from the treatment of a disease. (EX: hypothyroidism after thyroid surgery; alopecia [hair loss] after chemotherapy).

https://quizlet.com/8221838/classification-of-diseases-according-to-etiologic-factors-flash-cards/ 

Match the illnesses with their symptoms and causes.

Illness	Symptom(s)	Cause(s)
1.             I've got a cold. 2.            I've got a hangover 3.            I've got diarrhea 4.             I've got the flu (influenza) 5.            I've got hay fever 6.             I feel sick.	A.      you keep going to the toilet B.      a sore throat, sneezing, a cough C.      symptoms for a cold + aching muscles & a temperature e.g. 39,5 *C D.     sneezing, runny nose, sore eyes E.      you want to vomit F.      headache, feeling sick, vertigo	i.         too much alcohol ii.       many causes, e.g. food, alcohol iii.     a virus iv.     allergic reaction to pollen from plants v.       a virus vi.     often food or a virus

Syvum Worksheet / Test Paper: http://www.syvum.com/cgi/online/serve.cgi/squizzes/biology/diseases_symptoms.html

Biology : Diseases - Causes and their Symptoms Questions   Answers   Questions & Answers   Given the CAUSES AND SYMPTOMS, identify the DISEASE 1. Inflammation of joints causing pain and swelling due to deterioration of metabolism. 2. A condition which clogs blood vessels due to the deposition of cholesterol and lipids on the inner lining of arteries. 3. Rapid and uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. 4. An acute, communicable disease that causes itchy rash of vesicles on the face and body. 5. A waterborne disease causing acute gastrointestinal infection. 6. Hereditary genetic illness that prevents blood from clotting. 7. Viral infection characterized by yellowing of the eyes, skin and urine due to the deposition of the bile pigments. 8. A chronic infectious disease that affects skin, peripheral nerves and mucous membranes. 9. A vector-borne disease caused by parasites that is transmitted by the infected female Anopheles mosquito. 10. Extremely infectious skin disease characterized by distinct rashes. 11. A viral infection that causes inflammation of salivary glands, especially parotid glands. 12. Respiratory infection characterized by the inflammation of lungs. 13. Highly contagious viral disease that causes inflammation of gray substance of the spinal cord and often leads to paralysis. 14. An acute viral disease of animals, transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected animal. 15. A contagious disease, often fatal, characterized by pustules on all parts of the body. 16. An infection that arises when specific bacterium enters through a deep wound causing painful muscle contraction. 17. Infectious disease characterized by the formation of tubercle in the internal organs, especially in the lungs. 18. An infectious feverish disease causing ulceration and inflammation of intestinal tract.

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Syvum Worksheet / Test Paper: http://www.syvum.com/cgi/online/serve.cgi/squizzes/biology/diseases_symptoms.html

Biology : Diseases - Causes and their Symptoms Questions   Answers   Questions & Answers   1. Answer: Arthritis Arthritis is caused due to over-stretching, as well as physical or unintentional pull of joints. 2. Answer: Atherosclerosis The symptoms of Atherosclerosis occur when arteries severely narrow or get totally blocked. If the artery in the heart is blocked, the person may suffer from a heart attack. If the artery in the brain is blocked, the person may suffer from paralysis. 3. Answer: Cancer The causes of Cancer include tobacco smoking, tobacco chewing, drugs, certain radiations and even certain viruses. Agents causing Cancer are called Carcinogens. 4. Answer: Chickenpox Chickenpox is transmitted through contact, clothes and other articles of the infected person. Incubation period of Chickenpox is 14 to 20 days. 5. Answer: Cholera Cholera is caused by vibrio cholerae bacteria. Incubation period of Cholera is 2 to 6 days. 6. Answer: Hemophilia Major symptoms of Hemophilia include bruising and bleeding. In extreme cases, internal bleeding may occur which can be fatal if not treated promptly. 7. Answer: Jaundice Jaundice is caused by contaminated water and unhygienic food. Incubation period of Jaundice is 14 to 42 days. 8. Answer: Leprosy Leprosy is popularly known as Hansen's disease. In extreme cases, a person may suffer from loss of sensation, paralysis and even deformity. 9. Answer: Malaria Malaria is caused by a protozoan Plasmodium. Symptoms are repeated chill and high fever. Incubation period of Malaria is 3 weeks. 10. Answer: Measles Measles is caused by morbillivirus. Incubation period of Measles is 10 to 12 days. 11. Answer: Mumps Mumps causes swelling below the ear in the neck. Incubation period of Mumps is 12 to 26 days. Vaccination of gamma globulin is used to prevent Mumps. 12. Answer: Pneumonia Pneumonia is caused due to Diplococcus Pneumoniae. Incubation period of Pneumonia is 1 to 3 days. Antibiotics like Penicillin are used to cure Pneumonia. 13. Answer: Polio Polio is primarily a disease of children. Incubation period of Polio is 9 to 14 days. Polio can be prevented only through immunization. Salk's vaccine, developed from dead virus, was initially used against Polio. Sabin's vaccine, developed from live weakened virus, can prevent the actual contraction of Polio and has helped to eliminate the disease from many countries around the world.  14. Answer: Rabies Rabies is also known as Hydrophobia, i.e., fear of water. Rabies is caused due to Rhabdovirus that attacks the central nervous system. The incubation period of Rabies is about 1 month. 15. Answer: Smallpox Incubation period of Smallpox is 10 to 14 days. Various vaccination programs across the world have completely eradicated Smallpox. 16. Answer: Tetanus Tetanus is also popularly known as Lockjaw. It is caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria. Incubation period of Tetanus may vary from 4 days to 3 weeks. 17. Answer: Tuberculosis The symptoms of Tuberculosis include blood in the mucus, chest pain, weight loss and breathlessness. Incubation period of Tuberculosis is 2 to 10 weeks. 18. Answer: Typhoid Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria. Incubation period of Typhoid is 7 to 12 days.

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